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Institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
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government
Institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
Public policy
All of the many goals that a government pursues in all of the many areas of human affairs in which it is involved
constitution
The body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures and processes of a government
dictatorship
A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority
state
A body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority
sovereign
Having supreme power within its own territory; neither subordinate nor responsible to any other authority
autocracy
A form of government in which a single person holds unlimited political power
oligarchy
A form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite
Unitary government
a centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency
federal government
A form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local governments
confederation
A joining of several groups for a common purpose
limited government
Basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that the government cannot take away
representative government
System of government in which public policies are made by officials selected by the voters and held accountable in periodic elections
bicameral
An adjective describing a legislative body composed of two chambers
popular sovereignty
Basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed
ratification
Formal approval, final consent of the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment or treaty
rule of law
Concept that holds that government and its officers are always subject to the law
separation of powers
Basic principle of American system of government, that the executive, legislative and judicial powers are divided among three independent and coequal branches of government
checks and balances
System of overlapping the powers of the legislative, executive and judicial branches to permit each branch to check the actions of the others
veto
Chief executive's power to reject a bill passed by a legislature
judicial review
The power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action
federalism
A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central or national government and several local governments
free enterprise
System characterized by private ownership of capital goods and investments made by private decisions.
Law of supply & demand
Economic system where decisions on prices and quantities are made in accordance with market trends.
Mixed economy
Economic system where private enterprise exists in coordination with government regulation.
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