The Upper Limb Flashcard | Flashcards-library.com

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clavicle

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long slender bone that lies horizontally across the root of the neck just beneath the skin

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terms list

clavicle

long slender bone that lies horizontally across the root of the neck just beneath the skin

spine of the scapula

projects backward on the posterior surface of the scapula

acromion

lateral end of the spine that is free and articulates with the clavicle

glenoid cavity

superolateral angle of the scapula that is pearshaped that articulates with the head of the humerus at the shoulder joint

coracoid process

projects upward and forward above the glenoid cavity and provides attachment for muscles and ligaments

suprascapular notch

medial to the base of the coracoid process

subscapular fossa

anterior surface of the scapula that is concave and shallow

supraspinous fossa

superior part of the posterior surface of the scapula

infraspinous fossa

below supraspinous fossa

inferior angle

marks the level of the 7th rib and the spine of the 7th thoracic vertebra

head

upper end of the humerus that forms about 1/3 of a sphere & articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula

anatomical neck

below the head of the humerus

bicipital groove

seperates lesser & greater tuberosities

surgical neck

where the upper end of the humerus joins this shaft

deltoid tuberosity

a roughened elevation about halfway down the lateral aspect of the shaft

spiral groove

behind and below the deltoid tuberosity which accomodates the radial nerve

capitulum

rounded for the articulation with the head of the radius

trochlea

it is pulley-shaped and it is for the articulation with the trochlear notch of the ulna

radial fossa

above the capitulum that recieves the head of the radius when the elbow is flexed

coronoid fossa

above the trochlea anteriorly & recieves the coronoid process of the ulna

olecranon fossa

above the trochlea posteriorly which recieves the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow joint is extended

head

- proximal end of the radius

neck

- below the head of the radius

bicipital tuberosity

- below the neck for the insertion of the biceps muscle

interosseous border

- for attachement of interosseous membrane that binds radius & ulna together

pronator tubercle

- for insertion of the pronator teres muscle, lies halfway down on its lateral side

pectoralis minor

is a thin triangular muscle that lies beneath pectoralis major

radius

lateral bone of the forearm

bicipital tuberosity

below the neck of the radius for the insertion of the biceps muscle

interosseous border

medially it is the attachment of the interosseous membrane that binds the radius and ulna together

pronator tubercle

for the insertion of the pronator teres muscle lies halfway down on its lateral side

styloid process

projects distally from the lateral margin of the radius

ulnar notch

medial surface of the radius that articulates with the round head of the ulna

dorsal tubercle

posterior aspect of the distal end is a small tubercle which is grooved on its medial side by the tendon of the extensor policis longus

ulna

is the medial bone of the forearm

olecranon process

the proximal end of the ulna is large; forms prominence of the elbow

trochlear notch

a notch on the anterior surface of the ulna which articulates with the trochlea of the humerus

coronoid process

below the trochlear notch

radial notch

lateral surface of the ulna for articulation with the head of the radius

supinator crest

below the radial notch that gives origin to the supinator muscle

head of ulna

it is small & rounded and found at the distal end of the ulna

sternoclavicular joint

joint that is found between the sternum & sternal end of clavicle; plane synovial joint

costoclavicular joint

joint found at the junction of the 1st rib & it's costal cartilage & inferior surface of sternal end of clavicle; plane synovial joint

costoclavicular ligament

is a strong ligament that runs from the junction of the 1st rib w/ the first costal cartilage to the inferior surface of the sternal end of the clavicle

coracoclavicular ligament

ligament that extends from the coracoid process to the undersurface of the clavicle

acromioclavicular joint

occurs between the acromion of the scapula and lateral end of the clavicle; synovial plane joint

glenohumeral joint

also known as shoulder joint; this occurs between the rounded head of the humerus and the shallow, pear shaped glenoid cavity of the scapula; synovial ball & socket joint

glenohumeral ligaments

are three weak bands of fibrous tissue that strengthen the front of the capsule

transverse humeral ligament

strengthens the capsule and bridges the gap between the 2 tuberosities

coracohumeral ligament

strengthens the capsule above and stretches from the root of the coracoid process to the greater tuberosity of the humerus

coracoacromial ligament

ligament that extends between the coracoid process and the acromion; for protection of the superior aspect of the joint

humeroradial joint

an elbow joint from the distal end of the humerus & proximal end of radius; the capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius; hinge type of joint

humeroulnar joint

an elbow joint from the distal end of the humerus to the proximal end of the ulna; trochlea of humerus & trochlear notch of ulna; hinge type of joint

radial collateral ligament

arises from the apex of lateral epicondyl of humerus towards upper margin of anular ligament

anterior band of the ulnar collateral ligament

a band that arises from the medial epicondyl of humerus towards coronoid process of ulna

posterior band of the ulna collateral ligament

a band that arises from medial epicondyl of humerus towards olecranon process of ulna

transverse band of the ulna collateral ligament

a band that is found in between anterior band & posterior band of the ulna collateral ligament

proximal radioulnar joint

joint for the articulation of the radius and ulna at the proximal/superior portion; pivot or trochoid type of synovial joint

anular ligament

attached to anterior & posterior margin of radial notch & forms a collar that moves around the radius

quadrate ligament

extends from the neck of the radius towards below the radial notch

distal radioulnar joint

joint for the articulation of the radius and ulna at its distal end; pivot or trochoid type of synovial joint

radiocarpal joint

joint between the distal end of the radius and the articular disc above the scaphoid, lunate & triquetral bones below

medial ligament

ligament attached to the styloid process of the ulna and to the triquetral bone

lateral ligament

ligament attached to the styloid process of the radius and to the scaphoid bone

intercarpal joint

joint between the individual bones of the proximal row & distal row of carpus; synovial plane joint

carpometacarpal joint

joint between the trapezium and the saddle shaped base of the first metacarpal bone; synovial saddle-shaped joint

metacarpophalangeal joint

joint that articulates between the heads of the metacarpal bones & bases of the proximal phalanges;synovial condyloid joint

palmar ligament

ligaments that are strong and contain some fibrocartilage that is firmly attached to the phalanx but less so to the metacarpal bone

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

palmar ligaments of the 2nd,3rd, 4th & 5th joints are united by this

collateral ligaments

ligaments that are cordlike bands present on each side of the joints each passing downward & forward from the head of the metacarpal bone to the phalanx

interphalangeal joint

are synovial hinge joints that have a similar structure to that of the metacarpophalangeal joints

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