Saxon Algebra 1 Vocabulary Flashcard | Flashcards-library.com

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mixed number

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The sum of a whole number and a fraction.

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terms list

mixed number

The sum of a whole number and a fraction.

point of intersection

The point where two lines cross.

perpendicular

Two lines that make a square corner at the point of intersection.

Polygon

Poly = more than one Gonon = angle a simple, closed, flat geometric figure whose sides are line segments.

natural (or counting) numbers

Numbers that are used to count objects or things.

irrational number

A number with an infinite number of digits after the decimal point.

positive number

Any number greater than zero.

zero

Used to describe a physical distance of no magnitude or an empty set.

negative number

Any number less than zero.

real number

All negative or positive numbers and zero.

positive real number

Any number that can be used to describe a physical distance greater than zero.

negative real number

Any number that can be used to describe the negative counterpart of a positive real number.

four basic math operations

Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

addend

Each number in an addition problem.

sum

The result of an addition problem.

difference

The result of subtraction problem.

factor

The numbers in a multiplication problem.

product

The result of a multiplication problem.

quotient

The result of a division problem.

fraction

A division problem represent as such: 3/4.

unit multipliers

Fractions used to change the units of a measurement.

set

Designates a well-defined collection of numbers.

absolute value

In reference to a number, the positive number that describes the distance on a number line of the graph of the number from the origin.

algebraic addition

If a and b are real numbers, then a - b = a +(-b)

opposite of a number

on a number line, a number that is the same distance away from zero in the other direction

equation

an algebraic statement consisting of two expressions connected with an = sign

constant

a quantity whose value does not change

equality

two expressions that are equal connected by an = sign

inequality

Two or more expressions connected by ≠ < or >

real numbers

inclusive set of all numbers (counting, whole, rational & irrational)

counting numbers

{ 1, 2, 3, 4, ....} also called natural numbers

whole numbers

{ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4....}

integers

Positive and negative whole numbers {..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ....}

rational numbers

number expressible as a ratio of whole numbers(can include fractions, decimals and square roots with finite results)

irrational numbers

number not expressible as a ration of whole numbers(includes: π, square root of 2, etc...)

Commutative Property

addition: a + b = b + a multiplication: a x b = b x a

inverse operations

opposite operations: addition/subtraction multiplication/division

additive inverse

every real number has an opposite that when combines makes it equal to 0 (2.56 . . . . -2.56)

multiplicative inverse

every real number has a reciprocal that when combined makes it equal to 1 (3 . . . 1/3)

term

a single entity that represents or has the value of a number {4 x xy xy/p}

coefficient

a number (numerical ) or letter (literal) which proceeds other factors in an expression

factoring

writing sums as the product of factors

Rules for terms

•numerical coefficients of like terms can be combined

Rules for Equations

•additive property of equality (+/- both sides) •multiplicative property of equality (x/÷ both sides) •common factors cancel

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

product of all prime factors common to each term, to the highest power that it occurs in all of the terms. (used for factoring)Steps: Factor to prime/use each similar factor least number of times

least common multiple (LCM)

smallest number that can be divided evenly by each of a group of numbers (used for common denominators)Steps: Factor to prime/use each factor greatest number of times

quadratic equations

equations that are second degree polynomial equations.

polynomial

expression of more than 2 algebraic terms with different powers of the same variable An expression that can have constants (like 4) variables (like x or y) and exponents (like the 2 in y2) that can be combined using addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Steps for Factoring

•GCF •Trinomial (foil method) •Difference of perfect squares: a²−b² factors to (a+b)(a−b) •Difference of cubes: b³-8 = (b−2)(b²+2b+4) •Perfect square: x²−6x+9 = (x−3)²