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Aminoglycosides
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the aminoglycosides included amikacin (amikin) , gentamicin , kanamycin ( kartex) neomycin , streptomycin and tobramycin.
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Aminoglycosides
the aminoglycosides included amikacin (amikin) , gentamicin , kanamycin ( kartex) neomycin , streptomycin and tobramycin.
Aminoglycosides Actions
the aminglycoside exert their bactericidal effect by blockin a step in protein synthesis necessary fro bacterial multiplication they disrup the funtional ability of the bacterial cell wall , causing death.
Aminoglycosides Uses
Narrow-specturm antibiotics that are useful for the treatment of serious gram-negative infections, , When treating a bacterial infection in a patient with hepatic failure, this drug class could be used
Aminoglycosides Uses ( normal flora)
in the bowel when patients are having surgery or when a patients is in a hepatic coma, they are poorly absorbed they are useful in suppressing GI bacteria, may be used before surgery to reduce s the posibility of abdominal infection that may occur after surgery on the bowel .
treatment protocol called bowel preparation kanamycin (kartrex ) and neomycin
May be used before surgery to reduce s the posibility of abdominal infection that may occur after surgery on the bowel .
kamycin , noemaycin and paromomycin
are used in the management in hepatic coma, in this disorder the liver failure results in a elevation of blood ammonia levels.
Aminoglycosides Adverse Reactions
Nausea , vominting , rash, urticaria , more serious adverse reactions Nephrotoxicity (damage to the kidneys) ototoxicity ( damage to the hearing organs ) Neurotoxicity ( damage to the nervous system)
Nephrotoxicity may include
proteinuria ( protein in the urine ) Hematuria ( blood in the urine) Increase in the blood urea Nitrogen (BUN) level , Decrease in urine output and an Increase in the serum Creatinine concentratrion
Muscular Blockade
Acute muscular paralysis and apnea
Neurotoxicity Symptoms
Include: numbness , skin tingling , circumoral (around the mouth ) paresthesia , peripheral paresthesia , tremors , and muscle twitching, convulsion, muscle weakness.
The administration of Aminoglycocides
may result in hypersensitivity reaction and in some cases can be life treating; in mild discontinuation would fixed it
Aminoglycosides Contraindications
hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides, pre-exixting hearing loss , myasthenia gravis and parkisonism. during lactation , or pregnancy category C, except fo neomycin ., amikacin , gentamicin , kanamycin , netilmicin , and tobramycin , which are in pregnancy category D Aminoglycoside are also contraindicated for long term therapy because the potency for otoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Aminoglycosides Precautions
Are use cautiously in elderly patients , and pateints with ranal failure (dosage adjustments may be necessary) and Muscular disorders.
Aminoglycosides Interactions
Cephosporins (anti infective agent ) increased risk of nephrotoxicity , loop diuretcis (water pills ) management of edema and water retention , Pavulon or Anectine ( general anesthetics) increased the risk for ototoxicity, Anesthesia (e.g. for surgery) Increased risk of neuromuscular blockaded
Nursing Diagnosis Check List
Risk for Impaired Comfort ,( fever) Altered Thought Process (increased ammonia level). Acute Pain ( tissue injury during drug therapy) Risk For Injury ( paresthesia secondary to neurotoxicity ) Ineffective Tissues Perfusion : Renal (adverse drug reaction to amino-)Disturbed Sensory Perception : Auditory ( adverse drug r) Diarrhea ( secondary antibiotics adverse reactions)
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