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ataxia
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(fluctuating tone) inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements
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terms list
ataxia
(fluctuating tone) inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements
athetosis
(fluctuating tone) Slow, twisting, writhing, continuous movement, resembling a snake or worm. Involves distal part of limb more than the proximal part. Occurs with cerebral palsy.
chorea
(fluctuating tone) Sudden, rapid, jerky, purposeless movement involving limbs, trunk, or face. Occurs at regular intervals, not rhythmic or repetitive, more convulsive than a tic. Spontaneous or initiated, all accentuated by voluntary acts
hemiballism
(fluctuating tone) hyperkinetic, rapid, large amplitude movements (St. Vitus' Dance)
dystonia
(fluctuating tone) involuntary muscle spasms that produce peculiar postures of different body parts
ticks
(fluctuating tone) differ from myoclonus in that they are sudden, behavior related, repetitive movements that may be a form of learned behavior or occur as part of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome .v
spasticity
velocity dependent increase in tone
rigidity
non-velocity dependent increase in tone
0
Modified Ashowrth Scale for Spasticity: no increase in tone
1
Modified Ashowrth Scale for Spasticity:Slight increase in tone with a catch and release or minimal resistance at end of range
1+ (2)
Modified Ashowrth Scale for Spasticity:Slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch, followed by minimal resistance throughout the reminder (less than half) of the ROM
2 (3)
Modified Ashworth Scale for Spasticity:More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the ROM, but affected part(s) easily moved.
3 (4)
Modified Ashowrth Scale for Spasticity:Considerable increase in muscle tone passive, movement difficult.
4 (5)
Modified Ashworth Scale for Spasticity:Affected part(s) rigid in flexion or extension.
Hoffmann's sign
The test involves tapping the nail or flicking the terminal phalanx of the third or fourth finger. A positive response is seen with flexion of the terminal phalanx of the thumb.
Babinski's sign
extension upward of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front
alert
awake, fully aware and responsive, normal waking consciousness
lethargic
drowsy, responds when spoken to, may drift to sleep if not stimulated
obtunded
may awaken to voice but is minimally responsive when doing so
stupor
difficult to rouse by voice, may groan or become restless to brief pain
coma
pt is unresponsive to voice or pain
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