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writing that tells a story
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narrative
writing that tells a story
genre
type; the type of literature being analyzed
exposition
introduces the characters, setting, and basic situation
climax
point of highest interest, usually when protagonist resolves conflict; afterward no new conflict or tension is introduced
denouement
tying up of loose ends at the story's finish
protagonist
main character struggling against something or someone else
antagonist
foe, opponent, adversary
characterization
methods author uses to define and describe a character; physical features (usually least significant), what character says and does; what others in story say about character; what narrator/author says about character
conflict
problem to be resolved in literature; often more than one; person vs. self/society/nature/person
denotation
the dictionary definition of a word
connotation
what a word suggests beyond its surface definition
foreshadowing
literary device that provides subtle clues about something to come; usually ominous
irony
a contrast between what is expected and what actually exists or happens; situational; dramatic; verbal
literary eternal present tense
an artificial "present" used when writing about fiction, where things that occur in a work are described as happening right now
mood
the emotional atmosphere in a literary work, the overarching feeling of the situation or setting; the emotion the work evokes in the reader
oxymoron
a figure of speech consisting of two apparently contradictory terms, e.g. "deafening silence"
pathetic fallacy
the author's use of the weather or season to convey emotions of characters and reflect situation
plot
series of related events that make up a story
point of view
vantage point from which a writer tells a story. In broad terms there are three possible: omniscient, first person, and third person limited.
reliable narrator
accurately tells the story exactly the way he or she sees it, with adult or near-adult insight
rising action
aspect of the plot in which conflicts arise and tensions build
satire
a literary tone the author uses to ridicule or make fun of human vice or weakness
setting
where and when the story takes place
symbolism
a literary device in which an object, person, action, or place represents or stands for something beyond its literal meaning
theme
central idea of a work of literature; expressed as "The authors speaks of the pointlessness of war."
tone
the attitude of the author toward the audience and characters (e.g. serious or humorous).
flashback
presents events of the past in the midst of a story in the present
hyperbole
extreme exaggeration
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