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Spina bifida
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Group of neural tube defects; failure of posterioir spinous processes to close (usually lumbar region)
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terms list
Spina bifida
Group of neural tube defects; failure of posterioir spinous processes to close (usually lumbar region)
Myelomeningocele
Most serious form of spina bifida with herniation of the spinal cord, meninges, and spinal fluid.
Cerebral Palsy
Group of motor disorders; dmage to the cerebrum from inadequate or reduced blood flow
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
Children retain symptoms for life, unknown cause
Autism
Syndrome of social withdrawl and obsessive behavior; five types ranging from mild and highly functional to severe
Seizure Disorders
Explosive episodes of uncontrolled and excessive electrical activity in the brain; two types partial and generalized.
Spinal Cord Injury
Damage to the vertebrae and neuaral tissues causing loss of movement (paralysis) and loss of sensation distal to area of insult. Can cause paraplegia or quadriplegia.
Paraplegia
paralysis of lower extremities.
Quadriplegia
paralysis of trunk and all extremities.
Brain Tumors
Malignancies of brain structures common in younger age groups.
Meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges caused by viral or bacterial infection
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain caused by viral infection
Poliomyelitis
Highly contagious viral infection, rare b/c of vaccinations
Post-polio Syndrome
Collection of symptoms seen in individuals who have previously recovered from polio or who were misdiagnosed, but now considered to have been infected
Lyme Disease
Recurrent arthritis affecting not only joints, but skin, heart, and nervous system
Shingles
Shingles is an acute, localized viral infection of the skin. It is a reactivation of the chickenpox virus.
Herpes Zoster aka
Shingles
Dementia
Group of disorders characterized by a decline of mental facilities and personality changes that interfere with work, social activities. Common types are Alzheimer and vascular.
Alzheimer Disease
Progressive degenerative disease of the brain
Parkinson Disease
Disorder producing abnormal movements marked by destruction of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Degeneration of motor neurons leading to secondary demyelination; this causes generalized paralysis leaving the affected person immobile.
Multiple Sclerosis
Progressive neural demyelination
Huntington Disease
Inherited disorder characterized by motor disturbances, mental deterioration and abnormal behavior
Transient Ischemic Attack
Brief episode of impaired brain functioning caused by temporary reduction of blood flow; lasts a few seconds to possibly hours and is characterized by visual disturbances, speech difficulties, and difficulties understanding others
Stroke
Sudden disruption in cerebral blood flow by occluded or ruptured vessel
Cerebrovascular Accident aka
Stroke
Signs of stroke
Face droops on one side
Arms one can't be raised when asked
Speech slurred or strange
Time to call 911
Cerebral Aneurysm
Localized weakness in a blood vessel wall, which causes the vessel to bulge outward in the brain.
Migraine Headache
Severe, recurrent headaches accompanied by symptoms such as visual disturbances and nausea; often provoked by a trigger factor
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Condition characterized by excruciating episodic pain in areas supplied by the trigeminal nerve
Trigeminal Nerve aka
Cranial Nerve V
Bell Palsy
Condition of facial nerve causing muscle weakness or paralysis on on side of face
Facial Nerve aka
Cranial Nerve VII
Myasthenia Gravis
Disorder caused by loss of acetylcholine receptors within the neuromuscular junction resulting in progressive weakness and paralysis
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Neurologic inflammatory disease of the peripheral nerves
Peripheral Neuropathy
Inflammation or degeneration of PNS, causing symptoms of impaired sensations and movement difficulties
Degenerative Disc Disease
Deterioration of the intervertebral discs from the aging process
Herniated Disc
Protrusion of nucleus pulposus through tear in annulus fibrosis
Bulging Disc
Nucleus pulposus contained within annular wall
Radiculopathy
Pain radiating along path of compressed nerve
Sciatica
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Compression or entrapment of neurovascular bundle
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
Piriformis Syndrome
condition in which piriformis contributes to entrapment or irritation of the sciatic nerve
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