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"echin"
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spiny
"echin"
sessile, radiate
(Deuterostomia) Most echinoderms are ---. The internal and external parts of the animal --- from the center, often as five spokes.
endoskeleton, calcareous
(Deuterostomia, Echinodermata) A thick skin covers an --- of hard --- plates.
water vascular, tube feet
Unique to echinoderms is the --- --- system, a network of hydraulic canals branching into extensions called --- --- that function in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange.
separate
Sexual reproduction of echinoderms usually involves --- male and female individuals that release their gametes into seawater.
bilateral
(Deuterostomia, Echinodermata) The radial adults develop by metamorphosis from --- larvae.
madreporite
The opening (---) of a sea star's water vascular system is not central, but to one side of the 'star'.
6
The 7,000 or so echinoderms, all marine, are divided into - classes.
Asteroidea
Echinoderm class recognition: sea stars
Ophiuroidea
Echinoderm class recognition: brittle stars
Echinoidea
Echinoderm class recognition: sea urchins, sand dollars
Crinoidea
Echinoderm class recognition: sea lilies and feather stars
Holothuroidea
Echinoderm class recognition: sea cucumbers
Concentricycloidea
Echinoderm class recognition: sea daisies
bivalve, stomach
(Asteroidea Lunch Habits...) 1. Sea stars use their tube feet to grasp prey, such as clams and oysters. The arms of the sea star embrace the closed ---, hanging on tightly by the tube feet. The sea star then turns its --- inside-out, everting it through its mouth and into the narrow opening between the shells of the bivalve.
shell
(Asteroidea Lunch Habits...) 2. The digestive system of the sea star secretes juices that begin digesting the soft body of the mollusk within its own ---.
central
(Echinoderm, Ophiuroidea) Brittle stars have distinct --- disks, and the arms are long and flexible.
suckers
(Echinoderm, Ophiuroidea) Brittle star tube feet lack ---, and they move by serpentine lashing of the arms. Some species are suspension-feeders; others are predators or scavengers.
arms, slow
(Echinoderm, Echinoidea) Sea urchins and sand dollars have no ---, but they do have five rows of tube feet that function in --- movement.
spines
(Echinoderm, Echinoidea) Sea urchins have muscles that pivot their long ---, which aids in moving.
seaweed
(Echinoderm Echinoidea) The mouth of an urchin is ringed by complex jawlike structures designed for eating --- and other food.
Echinoidea
(Echinoderm ---) Sea urchins are roughly spherical, whereas sand dollars are flattened and disk-shaped.
stalks
(Echinoderm, Crinoidea) Sea lilies live attached to the substratum by ---.
feather stars
(Echinoderm, Crinoidea) --- --- crawl about using their long, flexible arms.
arms, substratum
(Echinoderm, Crinoidea) As a group, crinoids use their --- in suspension-feeding. The arms circle the mouth, which is directed upward, away from the ---.
cucumbers, aboral
(Echinoderm, Holothuroidea) Sea --- lack spines, and the hard endoskeleton is much reduced. They are elongated in the oral - --- axis.
five, echinoderms
(Echinoderm, Crinoidea) Sea cucumbers have --- rows of tube feet, and part of the water vascular system found only in ---. Some of the tube feet around the mouth are designed as feeding tentacles.
gills
(Sea Star Anatomy) The surface of a sea star is covered by spines that help defend against predators and by small --- for gas exchange.
mesenteries
(Sea Star Anatomy) Internal organs are suspended by --- in a well-developed coelom.
bottom, top
(Sea Star Anatomy)A short digestive tract runs from the mouth on the --- of the central disk to the anus on the --- of the disk.
storage
(Sea Star Anatomy) Digestive glands secrete digestive juices and aid in the absorption and --- of nutrients.
ring
(Sea Star Anatomy) The central disk has a nerve ring and nerve cords radiating from the --- into the arms.
ring, radial
(Sea Star Anatomy) The water vascular system consists of a --- canal in the central disk and five --- canals, each running the length of an arm in a groove.
madreporite
(Sea Star Anatomy) The water vascular system connects to the outside by way of the the sievelike ---.
radial canal
(Sea Star Anatomy) Branching from each --- --- are hundreds of hollow, muscular tube feet filled with fluid continuous with the rest of the water vascular system.
ampulla, podium
(Sea Star Anatomy) Each tube foot consists of a bulblike --- and suckered --- (foot portion).
podium
(Sea Star Anatomy) The --- expands and extends to contact the substratum when the ampulla squeezes water into it.
ampulla
(Sea Star Anatomy) The podium shortens and bends when muscles in its walls contract, forcing water back into the ---.
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