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collagen
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major protein substance that is touch, flexible, and forms connective tissue
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terms list
collagen
major protein substance that is touch, flexible, and forms connective tissue
corium & dermis
layer of skin beneath epidermis. Contains blood vessels, nerves, and some glands.
cuticle
thin band of epidermis surrounding edge of nails, except at top
dermis & corium
layer of skin beneath epidermis. Contains blood vessels, nerves, and some glands.
diaphoresis
excretion of fluid by sweat glands; sweating.
eccrine glands
sweat glands that occur all over body, except where apocrine glands occur.
epidermis
outer portion of skin containing several strata
exocrine
glands that secrete through ducts toward the outside of the body
hair follicle
tubelike sac in the dermis out of which the hair shaft develops
hair root
portion of hair beneath skin's surface
hair shaft
portion of hair visible above skin's surface
hypodermis
subcutaneous skin later; layer below the dermis.
integument
skin and all elements that are contained within and arise from it. From Latin: integumentum=covering
keratin
hard, horny protein that forms nails and hair.
lunula
half-shaped moon area at base of nail plate.
melanin
pigment produced by melanocytes that determine skin, hair, and eye color.
melanocyte
cell in epidermis that produces melanin.
nail
thin layer of keratin covering distal portion of fingers and toes.
papillary layer
thin sublayer of dermis containing small papillae (nipple-like masses)
pore
opening or hole, particularly in the skin.
reticular layer
bottom sublayer of dermis containing reticula (network of structures with connective tissue between).
adipose
fatty; relating to fat.
alopecia
lack of hair in spots; baldness.
apocrine glands
glands that appear during/after puberty and secrete sweat, as from armpits.
ceruminous glands
glands that secrete waxy substance on surface of the ear.
sebaceous glands
glands in the dermis that open to hair follicles and secrete sebum.
sebum
oily substance, usually secreted into hair follicle.
squamous epithelium
flat, scaly layer of cells that make up the epidermis
stratified squamous epithelium
layers of epithelial cells that make up the strata of epithelium of the epidermis.
stratum
layer of tissue, especially of skin. Latin: stratum=layer, bed cover
stratum corneum
top sublayer of epidermis
stratum germinativum
bottom sublayer of epidermis
striae
stretch marks made in collagen fibers of dermis layer. Latin, plural of stria=furrow
subcutaneous layer
bottom layer of skin containing fatty tissue.
sweat glands
coiled glands in the skin that secrete perspiration to regulate body temperature and excrete waste production.
adip(o)
fatty
dermat(o) OR derm(o)
skin
derm(o) OR dermat(o)
skin
hidr(o)
sweat, sweat glands
myc(o)
fungus
onych(o)
nail
pil(o)
hair
seb(o)
sebum, sebaceous glands
steat(o)
fat
trich(o)
hair
xer(o)
dry
bx
biopsy
DLE
discoid lupus erythematosus
PPD
purified protein derivative
PUVA
psoralen--ultraviolet A light therapy
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus; most severe form, involving internal organs
dermatology
medical specialty dealing w/diseases of the skin
exudate
any fluid excreted from tissue, esp. fluid excreted from injury to skin
intradermal
test that injects antigen or protein between layers of skin
Mantoux test
test for TB: small dose of tuberculin injected intradermally
patch test
test for allergic sensitivity in which small dose of antigen applied to skin on piece of gauze
PPD
Purified Protein Derivative of tuberculin
Schick test
test for diphtheria
scratch test
test for allergic sensitivity in which small dose of antigen scratched onto skin's surface
tine test / TB test
test for TB: small doses of tb injected into multiple, close sites, using a tine to puncture skin
abscess
localized collection of pus and other exudate, usu. w/ swelling and redness
acne, acne vulgaris
inflammatory eruption of skin, in or near sebaceous glands on face, neck, shoulders, or upper back
actinic keratosis
overgrowth of horny skin that forms from overexposure to sunlight; sunburn
albinism
rare, congenital condition: partial or total lack of pigmentation
alopecia areata
loss of hair in patches
basal cell carcinoma
slow-growing cancer of basal cells of the epidermis, usu. from sun's damage
birthmark OR nevus
lesion, esp. hemangioma, visible at or soon after birth.
blackhead OR comedo
open hair follicle filled w/ bacteria and sebum; common in acne
bulla
bubble-like blister on skin's surface
burn
skin damage caused by: heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or other irritants
callus
mass of hard skin formed over broken skin, esp. on hands and feet
candidiasis
yeastlike fungus on skin, caused by Candida; white exudate, peeling, easy bleeding; incl. thrush and diaper rash
carbuncle
infected area of skin producing pus, usu. w/ fever
cellulitis
sever inflammation of dermis and subcutaneous layer, usu. caused by infection that went in thru opening; incl. local heat, redness, pain, swelling.
cherry angioma
dome-shaped vascular angioma lesion, usu. in elderly
chloasma
group of fairly large, pigmented facial patches; often assoc. w/ pregnancy
cicatrix
growth of fibrous tissue inside a wound to form a scar; aka 'scar'
cold sore
herpes simplex type 1 eruption around mouth or lips...aka 'fever blister'
comedo OR blackhead
open hair follicle filled w/ bacteria and sebum; common in acne
corn
growth of hard skin, usu. on toes
crust
hard layer, esp. formed by dried pus; aka 'scab'
cyst
abnormal sac containing fluid
decubitus ulcer
chronic ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure; 'pressure sore'
depigmentation
loss of color of skin
discoid lupus erythematosus OR DLE
mild form of lupus
ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)
purplish skin patch (bruise) caused by broken blood vessels beneath skin
eczema
severe inflammatory condition of skin, usu. unknown cause
erosion
wearing away of surface, esp. caused by friction
exanthematous viral disease
viral disease causing skin rash
excoriation
injury to skin's surface, caused by scratch, abrasion, usu. w/ some oozing
first-degree burn
least severe: causes injury to skin w/o blistering
fissure
deep slit in skin
furuncle
localized skin infection , usu. in hair follicle w/ pus; 'boil'
gangrene
death of area of skin, usu. caused by loss of blood to the area
genital herpes
herpes simplex virus Type 2
herpes
inflammatory skin disease caused by family Herpesviridae
herpes simplex, Type 1
recurs on lips and around mouth, usu. during viral illnesses or stress
herpes simplex, Type 2
recurs on genitalia; easily transmitted thru sexual contact
herpes zoster & shingles
painful herpes affecting nerve roots
hives OR urticaria
group of reddish wheals, usu. w/ pruritis, often caused by allergy
impetigo
type of pyoderma
Kaposi's sarcoma
skin cancer assoc. w/ AIDS
keloid
thick scarring of skin after injury or surgery
keratosis
lesion on epidermis containing keratin
lesion
wound, damage, or injury to skin
leukoderma
absence of pigment in skin or area of skin
leukoplakia
white patch of mucous membrane on tongue or cheek
macule
small, flat, noticeably colord spot on skin
malignant melanoma
virulent skin cancer originating in melanocytes usu. from sun overexposure
neoplasm
abnormal tissue growth
nevus
birthmark
nodule
small knob of tissue
onychia, onychitis
inflammation of the nail
onychopathy
disease of nail
papule
small, solid elevation on skin
paronychia
inflammation, w/ pus, of fold surrounding the nail plate
patch
small area of skin differing in color from surrounding area; plaque
pediculated polyp
polyp that projects upward from a slender stalk
pediculosis
lice infestation
pemphigus
autoimmune disease causing skin blistering
petechia (pl. petechiae)
tiny hemorrhage beneath skin's surface
pilonidal
cyst containing hair, usu. at lower end of spinal column
plantar wart
wart on sole of foot
polyp
bulging mass of tissue projecting outward from skin
pruritis
itching
psoriasis
chronic skin condition w/ scaly lesions and extreme pruritis
purpura
condition w/ extensive hemorrhages underneath skin across wide area
pustule
small elevation on skin w/ pus
pyoderma
any inflammation of skin w/ pus
ringworm, also tinea
fungal infection; tinea
rosacea
vascular disease causing blotchy, red patches on skin, esp. on nose and cheeks
roseola
skin eruption of small, rosy patches, usu. caused by virus
rubella
disease causing viral rash; aka 'German measles'...Similar to rubeola
rubeola
disease causing viral rash; 'measles'...Similar to rubella
scabies
skin eruption caused by burrowing of mite
scale
small plate of hard skin that falls off
scleroderma
thickening of skin caused by increase of collagen formation
sebaceous cyst
cyst containing yellow sebum
seborrhea
overproduction of sebum by sebaceous glands
second-degree burn
moderately severe: affecting epidermis and dermis; usu. w/ blistering
sessile polyp
polyp projecting up from broad base
squamous cell carcinoma
cancer of squamous epithelium
telangiectasia
permanent dilation of small blood vessels
third-degree burn
most severe; involves complete destruction of an areaof skin
tumor
any mass of tissue; swelling
ulcer
open lesion, usu. with superficial loss of tissue
varicella OR chicken pox
contagious disease, usu. during childhood, often w/ pustules
vascular lesion
lesion in a blood vessel that shows through skin
verruca (pl. verrucae) OR wart
flesh-colored growth, sometimes caused by virus; wart
vesicle
small, raised sac on skin containing fluid
vitiligo
condition in which white patches appear on otherwise normally-pigmented skin
wheal
itchy patch of raised skin
whitehead
closed comedo/blackhead that does not contain bacteria
allograft OR homograft
skin graft using skin from one person to another
autograft
skin graft using one's own skin
biopsy
excision of tissue for microscopic exam
cauterize
to apply heat to an area to cause coagulation and stop bleeding
cryosurgery
surgery to remove tisue, by freezing with liquid nitrogen
curettage
removal of tissue, by scraping
debridement
removal of dead tissue from a wound
dermabrasion
removal of wrinkles, scars, tattoos, and other marks: by scraping w/ brushes or emery papers
electrodessication
drying with electrical current
fulguration
destruction of tissue w/ electrical sparks
heterograft OR xenograft
skin graft using skin from different species
Mohs' surgery
removal of thin layers of malignant tissue until nonmalignant tissue is found
plastic surgery
repair or reconstruction (as of the skin) by means of surgery
skin graft
placement of fresh skin over damaged area
alpha-hydroxy acid
agent added to cosmetics to improve skin's appearance
anesthetic
agent that relieves pain by blocking nerve sensations
antibacterial
agent that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
antibiotic AND antiseptic
agent that kills or slows growth of microorganisms-- bio=life
antifungal
agent that kills or slows growth of fungus
antihistamine
agent to control allergic reactions by blocking effectiveness of histamines in the body
anti-inflammatory
agent to relieve symptoms of inflammation
antipruritic
agent to control itching
astringent
agent to remove excess oils and impurities from skin's surface
chemotherapy
treatment of cancer that uses chemicals to destroy malignant cells
corticosteroid
agent w/ anti-inflammatory properties
emollient
agent to smooth or soften skin
keratolytic
agent that aids in removal of warts and corns
parasiticide
agent that kills or slows growth of parasites
radiation therapy
treatment of cancer that uses ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells
topical anesthetic
anesthetic applied to surface of skin
ultraviolet light
artificial sunlight used to treat some skin lesions.
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