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Father of the Renaissance. He believed the first two centuries of the Roman Empire to represent the peak in the development of human civilization.
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Petrarch
Father of the Renaissance. He believed the first two centuries of the Roman Empire to represent the peak in the development of human civilization.
Johannes Gutenberg
inventor of the printing press by using movable type. The mass production of paper and the commercial production of manuscripts spread Renaissance ideas all over Europe.
Leonard da Vinci
Artist who made religious paintings and sculptures like The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.
Donatello
Sculptor who evoked classical Greek and Roman models. Probably exerted greatest influence of any Florentine artist before Michelangelo.
Giorgio Vasari
wrote "Lives of the Artists," a book of biographies of the greatest artists of the Renaissance.
Boccaccio
Wrote the "Decameron" which tells about ambitious merchants, protrays a sensual and worldly society.
Masaccio
painted Explusion from Paradise which shows a grieving Adam and Eve, evidence of Renaissance painters including more human emotion in their work
Sandro Botticelli
One of the leading painters of the Florentine renaissance, developed a highly personal style. Painted The Birth of Venus and Springtime
Jan van Eyck
painter who captured reality in his portraits of middle class society.
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Wrote "On the Dignity of Man" which stated that man was placed by God in-between beasts and the angels. He also believed that there is no limits to what man can accomplish through exercising free will.
Lorenzo de' Medici
The Medici's were a great banking family in Florence in the 15th century. Ruled government of Florence from behind the scenes.
Michelangelo Buonarroti
in Rome. Painted the Sistine Chapel. Sculpted the statue of David.
Lorenzo Ghiberti
won a contest to design bronze doors for the San Giovanni Baptistry in Florence. The doors were nicknamed "The Gates of Paradise" by Michelangelo.
Filippo Brunelleschi
Florentine architect who designed Il Duomo, a dome atop the city's cathedral, modeled after ancient Roman ruins
Castiglione
Wrote "The Courtier" which was about education and manners and had a great influence. It said that an upper class, educated man should know many academic subjects and should be trained in music, dance, and art.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Wrote "The Prince" which contained a secular method of ruling a country. "End justifies the means."
Lorenzo Valla
Expert on Latin, wrote "On False Donation of Constantine" which proved document granting the Catholic Church vast areas of land to be a forgery. Father of modern historical criticism.
Fugger family
German family who were patrons of the arts in Germany and sponsored artists of the Northern Renaissance
Francesco Sforza
gained control of Milan in 1450 in order to settle the conflict between the nobility and the commonpeople, created a dynasty that ruled until France conquered Milan in 1494
Jacob Burkhardt
historian who was the first to categorize the Middle Ages as a "Dark Age" and the Renaissance as a "cultural rebirth."
Girolamo Savonarola
took control of Florence after the French invaded in 1494 in order to clean up the moral decay in the city. He was burned at the stake in 1498.
Bosch
Flemish artist who has abstract images and symbols in his work, such as the "Garden of Earthly Delights" and "Death and the Miser"
Leonardo Bruni
historian who was the first to use the term "humanism, " he wrote an extensive history of the city of Florence.
Giotto
considered to be one of the earlier Renaissance painters due to his use of chiaroscuro and realism
Bramante
architect that Pope Alexander VI paid to create the Tempietto cathedral
El Greco
Spanish painter (born in Greece) remembered for his religious works characterized by elongated human forms and dramatic use of color (1541-1614)
Erasmus
Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe, wrote the satire In the Praise of Folly
Christine de Pisan
Wrote "The City of Ladies." Began a debate over the proper role of women in society. Considered Europe's first feminist.
Thomas More
English humanist who wrote "Utopia" which is a story of an ideal place free from greed and ownership of private property
William Shakespeare
English dramatist and poet, considered one of the greatest writers, his writing showed the full range of human emotion and had a huge impact on the English language
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