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laid material basis for Italian Renaissance
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economic growth
laid material basis for Italian Renaissance
1050-1300
period of phenomenal commerical, financial development, growing polit power of self governing cities, great population expansion, etc
renaissance
14th to 16th century, term used to describe cultural acheievements
11th Century
Great commercial revival, period in which Northern Italian cities led the way
12th Century
Venice, Genoa, Milan profit greatly from overseas trade during this period
14th Century
during this century, advancements in shipbuilding allowed even more benefit
Wool
industry that was a major factor in Florence's financial and population increase
Florence
scholars agree first artistic and literary manifestations of the Italian Renaissance began here
Florence
this city possessed enormous wealth, despite geographical restraints
13th Century
period in which Florentines gained control of Papal Banking
Urban industries
all profits from papal banking-- loans, interest, etc. was pumped back into this.
Papal banking
13th century, new way of banking that helped Florentine's acquire great wealth from positions as tax collectors for the Papcy.
1344
year that King Edward III of England repudiated his huge debts to florentine bankers and even put some in bankruptcy
1378
serious labor unrest, year in which Ciompi revolts took place
Communes
sworn associations of free men seeking complete political and economic independence from local nobles
merchant guilds
formed the communes, but also built and maintained city walls, regulated trade, raised taxes, and kept civil order
12th Century
period in which Milan, Florence, Genoa, Siena and Pisa fought for and won their independence from surrounding feudal nobles.
marriage vows
often sealed business contracts between the rural nobility and the mercantile aristocracy.
Popolo
new force, disenfranchised and heavily taxed, bitterly resented their exclusion from power. , italian underclass; a new force that disenfranchised and heavily taxed the people bitterly for being excluded from holding power. They used armed force and violence to take over the government. (p.416-417)
13th century
period in which popolo used armed force and violence to take over the city governments
signori
despots or one man rulers, 1300--type of gov where the despots pretended to observe the law while actually manipulating it to conceal their basic illegality
oligarchies
the rule of merchant aristocracies-- possessed constitutions but only a small class controlled the functions of government.
15th-16th centuries
During these centuries all of the Italian city-states were ruled by signori or constitutional oligarchies
1422
in this year, Venice had a population of 84,000 but only 200 men held all the power
15th Century
during this period, political power and elite culture centered on the princely courts
Princely Courts
the space and personnel around a prince as he made laws, received ambassadors, made appointments, took his meals, and proceeded through the streets.
15th Century
during this period these five powers dominated the Italian Peninsula: Venice, Milan, Florence, The Papal States, and the Kingdom of Naples
Venice, Milan, Florence, The Papal States, Naples
five powers that dominated the Italian peninsula in the 15th century
Sforza
banking family that dominated Milan
Venice
city with enormous trade, and vast colonial empire. Had a sophisticated constitution and was a repulic in name.
Medici
banking family that ran Florence
1434-1494
period in which power was held by Medici
Venice, Milan, Florence
cities with republican governments, but actually ran by despots or oligarchs (3)
central italy
consisted mainly of the Papal states
Cesare Borgia
son of Pope Alex VI
Pope Alex VI
reasserted papal authority in the papal lands
Cesare Borgia
the hero of Machiavelli's "The Prince" because he began the work of uniting the peninsula by ruthlessly conquering and exacting total obedience from the principalities making up the Papal States
Naples
consisted of virtually all of sourthern italy and at times sicily
1435
year that Naples had been passed to Aragon
Naples
kingdom that had long been disputed by the Aragonese and the French
1450
year that Venice went to war against Milan in protest against Francesco Sforza's acquisition of the title duke of Milan
urban nobility
new social class that resulted in the marriage of rural nobility and merchant aristocrats
1454
year the peace treaty was signed in Lodi
1494
pattern of shifting alliances continued until...
resident ambassador
one of the greatest acheievements of the Italian Renaissancesomeone from one country staying in some other country and handling any affairs that involve both countries i guess
Savanarola
dominincan friar, attacked paganism, predicted the frence invasion, became the religious leader of florence and contributed to the fall of the Medici dynasty.
Charles VIII
French king that invaded Italy in 1494
1494
Year that Charles VIII invaded Italy
1422-1461
period that Charles VII revives France and monarchy
1454
invention of moveable type
1456
gutenberg's bible
1500-1527
High Renaissance
1506
Pope Julius II begins work on Saint Peter's Basilica
Pope Julius II
pope that began work on Saint Peter's Basilica
1508-1512
Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
1469
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
1513
Machiavelli- The Prince
1516
More-Utopia
1516
Erasmus publishes Greek New Testament
1528
Castiglione-The Courtier
15th Century
at the end of this century, Venice, Florence Milan and the papcy possessed great wealth and represented high cultural achievement
Leage of Cambrai
Charles VIII, Louis XII, Maximillian, Pope--formed this in 1508 with the purpose of stripping rich Venice of its mainland possessions.
Charles VIII, Louis XII, Pope, German Emperor Maximillian
these people formed the Leage of Cambrai
1508
Year that the League of Cambrai was formed
Pope Leo X
found france a dangerous friend and called on the Spanish and Germans to expel the French from Italy.
1519
year that Charles V became holy Roman Emperor
Charles V
succeeded Maximillan as Holy Roman Emperor
Habsburg Valois wars
wars between the French and Germans when the French returned to Italy
1521
year of the Habsburg Valois Wars
Italy
battlefield of the Habsburg Valois Wars
16th Century
during this period, the political and social life of Italy was upset by the relentless competition for dominance between France and the Empire
1527
Sack of Rome
Charles V
King that conducted the Sack of Rome
1870
year that Italy achieved unification
Francesco Petrarch
believed he was living at the start of a new age, a period of light following a long night of Gothic Gloom.
Individualism
stressed personality, uniqueness, genius, and full development of one's capabilities and talents.
Humanism
the literary culture needed by anyone who would be considered educated and civilized.
Pope Nicholas V
pope who planned the Vatican Library
Pope Sixtus IV
built the Vatican Library
Latin Classics
Humanists studied the _______ to learn what they revealed about human nature
Secularism
involves a basic concern with the material world instead of with the eternal world of spirit
NO
did Renaisannce humanists accept paganism?
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