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seeks to question definition of art; rejects art's tradition and history; realisty is no longer a goal, and reality is subjective
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terms list
modernism
seeks to question definition of art; rejects art's tradition and history; realisty is no longer a goal, and reality is subjective
impressionism
first group to split from public's preference; focused on effects of light since cameras could now capture realistic images
tint
when white is added to a color
shade
when black is added to a color
tone
when grey is added to a color
analogous
colors near each other on the color wheel; have a calming effect
complimentary
colors opposite each other on the color wheel that draw the eye, and are hard to look at
split complimentary
a color and the tertiary color next to its compliment
double split complimentary
the tertiary colors next to two compliments
primary colors
used to make other colors; red, blue, and yellow
secondary colors
formed from primary colors; orange, green and purple
tertiary colors
a primary color mixed with a secondary one; yellow-orange, blue-green, etc
dull
to dull a color, add a little of its compliment
intensity
purity of a color
black and white
the greatest contrast available to an artist- immediately draws eye
atmospheric perspective
things far away are less clear because they are blocked by dust particles
linear/geometric perspective
use of a vanishing point(s) with all "horizontal" lines slanting towards it
Monet
experimented with effects of light on the same subject; painted mostly outdoors, idealized Japanese art and ideas; blindness late in life led to paitings on a huge scale
Cy Twombly
now 85, life-long recognition for mostly floral paintings, with symbolic meanings and drips; also experimented with gestural drawings and scribles; inspired by Monet and da Vinci
Fauvism
used color in shocking ways in early 1900's; aka "Wild Beasts"; included Matisse and Derain
German Expressionism
Die Bruke in Dresden; avante garde but wanted to connect with the public
Der Blaue Reiter
Kadinsky was non-subjective, Marc used/believed in universal symbolism; aka The Blue Rider
focal point
area of a painting with most detail and contrast
value
high= light, low= dark; general lightness
negative space
space around a scultpure, created by a lack of matter
texture
real is in real life, implied is how it looks; can draw attention or create illusion
implied line
usually way an eye is looking or a gesture is pointing; directs viewer's interest
static
usually used to describe a shape; means unmoving, stable; usually has a wide base
dynamic
has movement, usually derived from diagonals or a precarious shape
contour
an outline that comes inside a shape (ex: folds of clothing)
gesture
brief lines
horizontal lines
calm connotation
diagonal lines
show movement, life, possibly chaos
Matisse
"master of omission", temporarily a Fauve, calls art "rhythmic arraingement of line and color on a flat plain"
Mailal
early 1900's, made sculpture "The Mediterranean" using personification
Franz Mark
Blue Rider who disliked humans; often used horses or abstract shapes in art
Rouault
early part of 20th century; inspired by stained glass, idealised Middle Ages, disliked materialism and critisized imperalism
Kirchner
more in touch with self= more in touch with all humanity; color is arbitrary and life is fragile (often used acidic colors and angular, haunted-looking people)
Nolde
Bridge Group; Mask still life; focused outside Europe, painted disturbing things; Nazi who was a special target of Hitler's
Kandinsky
loosely connected to Bridge Group; painted music, very abstract expressionism; into spiritualiy and psychology, art is universal; theor was that dramatic creation celebrates creation/music/life, and only reality is within us
warm colors
advance to meet the eye; shorter wave lengths so less variations available
cool colors
recede from the eye; more shades/tints/tones possible
New Objectivity
Germany, after WWI- abrasive, disollutioned; called "degenerate" by Hitler
Max Beckman
Painted "Night" was a former soldier and saw that humans could be animals
Kollwitz
used woodcuts to show harsh reality; depicted misery war creates on the homefront
Kirchner
commited suicide after being ridiculed by Nazis; part of New Objectivity
Surrealism
focuses on universal truths, universal dreams and subconcious mind (Froid, automatism); get rid of reason to give imagination freedom
Futurism
past can't be changed, so pay attention to the future! love speed, machines, bright lightness- tear museums down!
Stieglitz
started photography as a fine art, and used it as social commentary (The Steerage-1907)
American Precissionism
more conservative than European art of the time; focus on clean lines and light, machines and industrialization, simplified but realistic; 1920's
Armory Show
came to NYC in 1913; had cubism & Dada; ministers had to inspect when it came to Chicago to make sure art would not morally corrupt people
Georgia O'Keefe
not easily classified; painted erotic-looking flowers, offensive to some
automatism
randomness, without any decision making; freedom from consciousness (not possible for fully-formed adult)
Max Ernst
used art as personal therapy to come to terms with war; somewhat Cubist in style but technically Surrealist
Magritte
"The Treachery (or Perfidy) of Images"; part of Surrealism
Purism
said Cubism lacked meaning; admired & celebrated machines; included Leger who painted "The City"
analytic cubism
multiple viewpoints; thoughtful, focusing on form
synthetic cubism
more collaging, less planar shifts, or different view of the same thing. came after other kind of Cubism
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