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Autotrophs
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Organisms capable of synthesizing their own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy.
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Autotrophs
Organisms capable of synthesizing their own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy.
Carnivores
Animals that feed chiefly on the flesh of other animals.
Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one derives some benefit while the other is unaffected.
Community
A group of populations living and interacting with one another in a particular environment.
Competition
The simultaneous demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light.
Consumers
Heterotrophic organisms that ingest other organisms or organic matter in a food chain.
Decomposer
An organism usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances.
Detritivore
An organism that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter, returning essential nutrients to the ecosystem.
Detritus
Matter produced by the decay or disintegration of an organic substance.
Ecology
The scientific study of the relationships between living things and their environments.
Ecosystem
A biological unit comprosed of the community living in a discrete region, the non-living surroundings and the interactions occuring within the community and between the community and its surroundings.
Endoparasite
An internal parasite.
Guild
A group of diverse species, especially animal species, that occupy a common niche in a given community, characterized by exploitation of environmental resources in the same way.
Hemi parasite
A plant, such as mistletoe, that obtains some nourishment from its host but also carries on photosynthesis.
Herbivores
Animals that feed on plants.
Heterotrophs
Organisms that cannot synthesize their own food and are dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.
Holo parasitism
Form of parasitism in which a plant parasite depends completely on its host for nutrients and water.
Host
An organism or cell on or in which a parasite lives or feeds.
Inter specific competition
A form of competition in which individuals of different species vie for the same resource in an ecosystem.
Intra specific competition
A form of competition in which members of the same species vie for the same resource in an ecosystem.
Mutualism
A relationship between two species of organisms in which both benefit from the association.
Niche overlap
A situation in an ecosystem whereby different species are in competition for the same energy and space resources.
Niche separation
A situation in which two species in the community use different resources such that the two species have no degree of niche overlap.
Omnivores
Animals that eat both plants and animals.
Parasitoids
Any of various insects, whose larvae are parasites that eventually kill their hosts.
Photosynthesis
The process by which green plants, algae, diatoms, and certain forms of bacteria make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, using energy captured from sunlight by chlorophyll, and releasing excess oxygen as a byproduct.
Population
A group of individuals of the same species occupying a particular geographic area.
Predator
An animal that lives by capturing and eating other animals.
Prey
An animal hunted or caught for food.
Producer
An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food for other organisms in a food chain.
Symbiosis
The close association between two or more organisms of different species, often but not necessarily benefiting each member.
Exoparasite
An external parasite.
Biotic
Living factors in an ecosystem.
Abiotic
Non-living factors in an ecosystem.
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