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medieval poet and musician who sang or recited while accompanying himself on a stringed instrument, either as a member of a noble household or as an itinerant troubadour
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terms list
minstrel
medieval poet and musician who sang or recited while accompanying himself on a stringed instrument, either as a member of a noble household or as an itinerant troubadour
comfit
candy/confection that consists of a piece of fruit, a seed, or a nut coated with sugar
knight
a noble in Europe who served as a mounted warrior for a lord in the Middle Ages; followed code of chivalry
viol
bowed stringed instruments that preceded the violin family
yeoman
in former times was free (below the gentry) and cultivated his own land; farmer
abbey
a monastery ruled by an abbot or convent run by nuns
pilgrim
a person who journeys, esp. a long distance, to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion.
heraldry
the study and classification of armorial bearings and the tracing of genealogies; coat of arms
palfrey
a riding horse, as distinguished from a war horse
jousting
Fighting on horseback with lances, with the goal of knocking the opponent from his horse
squire
the second stage to becoming a knight, at around teenhood, kinght's assistant, caring for horses, train with weapons, and go to battle
rushes
Stiff marsh plants with hollow stems.
solar
term that is applied to a great chamber or a private sitting room off the great hall
vestments
a garment, especially a robe worn to show rank or office
alm
money or things given to the poor; charity
prior
an officer in a monastic order or religious house, sometimes next in rank below an abbot
abbot
the superior of an abbey of monks
bailiff
The person who collected rents and supervised serfs and freeholders on a manor
chivalry
the medieval knight's code of ideal behavior, including bravery, loyalty, and respect for women
villein
a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord
purgatory
in Roman Catholic theology the place where those who have died in a state of grace undergo limited torment to expiate their sins
postern
a small gate in the rear of a fort or castle
trencher
a thick slab of coarse bread used by a household to place their meat on
hauberk
part of knight's clothing, knee-length tunic made up of iron rings that offered protection against spears and swords
downs
chalk hills that cannot support trees, but have plenty of grass for cattle and sheep
pottage
a stew of vegetables and (sometimes) meat
mantle
a sleeveless garment like a cloak but shorter
earl
A high-ranking, noble lord
wimple
a cloth worn on the head by medieval women
portmanteau
a large traveling bag made of stiff leather
page
a youth acting as a knight's attendant as the first stage in training for knighthood, about age 7
lance
a long pointed rod used as a weapon
saracen
a Muslim in the period of the crusades
mutton
meat from a sheep
baron
A member of the lowest grade of nobility
curfew
an order that after a specific time certain activities (as being outside on the streets) are prohibited
parish
area in the care of a single priest and served by one main church
brocade
thick heavy expensive material with a raised pattern
shrine
A place of worship that is often dedicated to a sacred object or person
parson
a person authorized to conduct religious worship; preacher
sweetmeat
a sweet delicacy, prepared with sugar, honey, or the like, as preserves, candy, or formerly, cakes or pastry
fresco
a durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster
poach
hunt illegally
apothecary
One who prepares and sells ointments, drugs, and similar items for medicinal purposes
bishop
high-ranking church official with authority over a local area, or diocese
porter
someone who guards an entrance
brooch
a decorative pin worn by women
chapman
term for an itinerant peddler
itinerant
traveling from place to place to work
poultice
a medical dressing consisting of a soft heated mass of meal or clay that is spread on a cloth and applied to the skin to treat inflamed areas or improve circulation etc.
lord and lady
nobles who owned and controlled all activities on his manor
steward
someone who manages property or other affairs for someone else
freeholder
a person who owns his or her own land
breeches
trousers ending above the knee
noble
member of a hereditary class of wealthy landowners of various ranks below king and above peasant
hours of prayer and worship
matins, lauds, prime, terce, sext, nones, vespers, compline - refer to times throughout the day
carter
someone whose work is driving carts
sir
a title used before the name of a knight or baronet
vicar
The priest of a parish
friar
a member of a religious order devoted to teaching and works of charity who lived among the people (originally relied on alms)
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